Dendritic cells (DCs) are among the first immune sentinels to detect viruses, bacteria, or other challenges. These specialized messengers alert T cells while orchestrating either a measured calm or a ...

The immune system has evolved to mount immune responses against foreign pathogens and to remain silent against self-antigens. A balance between immunity and tolerance is required as any disturbance ...

The immune system must be able to quickly attack invaders like viruses, while also ignoring harmless stimuli, or allergies can result. Immune cells are known to ignore or "tolerate" molecules found on ...

Clinical effectiveness of immune therapies of solid tumors requires a) the induction or expansion of T cells able of recognizing multiple variants of cancer cells present in each cancer patient, and b ...

Treating the brain cancer glioblastoma (GBM) demands more than conventional strategies due to a mix of factors including the cancer’s genetic complexity, invasive growth, and immune resistance. A new ...