There are two main types of fluid flow - laminar flow, in which the fluid flows smoothly in layers, and turbulent flow, which is characterised by chaotic motion and large amounts of mixing. In this ...

Microfluidics is an interdisciplinary field that combines principles from physics, chemistry, and engineering to create devices that can process and analyze minuscule volumes of liquids. Often, ...

Controlling the flow Vortex-induced heat backflow (top) in a simulated 2D graphite strip, compared with conventional heat flow (bottom). (Courtesy: 2026 THEOS EPFL CC BY SA) We are all familiar with ...